The stock market is fragmented into over 50 individual marketplaces owned and operated by the giants of finance, Credit Suisse, Goldman Sachs, Barclays, Morgan Stanley and other large securities firms who do not allow customers not to their liking to trade there. These "dark pools" are "dark" because they are not transparent to the public, to ordinary traders or to the media. They get their business in great part from the computers of high frequency trading firms, mainly quant hedge funds like Renaissance and others.
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